Pump plunger and crosshead



Patented Feb. 5, 1924.

uiTEo STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PUMP PLUNGER AND GROSSHEAD.

Application filed July 20, 1922. Serial No. 652,824.

T all whom itmag concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN JV. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Martinsburg, in the county of Berkeley and State of l/Vest Virginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pump Plungers and Crossheads, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in 1 plungers and crossheads, and particularly to a non-corrosive-plunger preferably having a porcelain body and other advantageous structural accessories embodied therein.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a porcelain plunger which is specially adapted for use in pump cylinders and ground to fit the cylinder in which it is disposed and also having a cross head attached thereto in a novel manner for. the general purpose of resisting wear or cutting of the parts by emery, silt and other f'analogous eroding materials when used in a pump cylinder for operating in connection witha fluid or a liquid containing erosive or other constituents which 'injuriously affeet the usual metal type of plungers, and also to so organize the parts of the improved plunger that it will-take up contraction or expansion and avoidinjury to and breakage of various parts'thereof. A further object of the invention is to generally improve plungers of thenon-corrosive type and to comparatively simplify the structure thereof, particularly in the general assemblage' of the several components, to insure strength and durability as well as efliciency in operation.

With these and other objects and advantagesin view, the invention consists in the preferred construction and arrangement of the several parts which will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings: v Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a plunger, showing the cross headlconnected thereto and embodying the features of the invention. i

Fig. 2 is a section through the cross head and a portion of the plunger taken in a plane 7 at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1;

M Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line 33, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the cross head, showing the terminal and securing means for the plunger located therein.

The numeral 5.designates a porcelain cylinder, which serves a'sthe exposed body por-,

tion of the plunger and is fitted at one extremity in a seat 6 formed inone end of a cross head 7. Extending through the center of the bore 8 of the porcelain cylinder. 5

is an elongated bolt 9, preferably formed of bronze and having throughout the greater portion of its length vspiral corrugations or grooves 10. At the outer end of the bolt 9 is a head 11, which may be connected thereto in any suitable manner-or formed as,

a part thereof. The inner extremity of the bolt 9 projects outwardly from the inner end of the cylinder 5 through a bore or opening 12 formed in the center. of the cross head and opening into the center of the seat 6, the inner end of the said bolt being screwthreaded, as at 13, to receive a securing nut 14, which is firmly. screwed against the inner-end wall 15 of the opening 16 of the cross head, the'said opening 16 continuing through the opposite end of said cross head. The bolt 9 is rigidly secured in the bore 8 of the cylinder 5, by a cement filling 17 which isclosely packed in the bore S around the bolt and enters the grooves 10. The cement filling 17 continues throughout the lengthof the cylinder bore, as clearly shown by Fig. 1', and serves to strengthen the-porcelain cylinder 5and also'acts as a'key means for rigidly holding the bolt 9 in central position in the cylinder and againstrotative or loose movement.- Betweenthe head 11 of the bolt 9 and the adjacent outer end of the cylinder 5 is a non-corrosive washer 18, preferably formed of lead, and between the inner end of the porcelain cylinder and the end wall of the seat 6 is a wood fiber washer 19. The washers 18 and 19 materially aid in taking up or compensating 'for any contraction or expansion and prevent injury to the cylinder or cracking or breaking of the latter when subjected to difl'erent temperature variations.

The cross head 7 is applied to the operating mechanism as usual through the, D1611 dium of oppositely disposedbearings or hearing openings 20, into which-extend the connecting means of the actuating mechanism, the said' cross .head being held. in fixed association with the connecting means through the medium of set screws 21 inserted-in the open end of the cross head. The said cross head also has the usual' grooves for packing rings for a purpose which will be readily understood; Itwill be seen that the plunger 5 may be readily assembled with the end of the cross head,,and when found necessary the nut 14 may be removed or Withdrawn from the threaded end 13 of the bolt 9, to permit separation of the cylinder 5 with th'e bolt from the cross head.

The improved device, and particularly the plunger 5, is intended to be used in any form of pump to which the same may be adapted and particularly where a noncorrosive plunger, or one which will resist erosion, will have greater elficiency of operation from a standpoint of durability. It will also be seen that in the present improved form ofplunger or piston the porcelain cylinder 5 is not cast or directly secured to the bronze bolt 9 but has the interposed filling 17 of a cement which will be adapted for the purpose of anchoring the bolt 9 within thecenter and at a distance from the inner wall of the bore 8 of the porcelain cylinder 5. From the foregoing it will be understood that the cylinder 5 is intended to be formed of any material other than metal, to resist deterioration by various fluids carrying silt, acidulous components or other elements, to adapt the cylinder for use in pumps that may have a particular application or service different from pumps particularly constructed and adapted for pumping water. g

It is also proposed to modifiy the dimensions and general proportions of the plunger and cross head, to adaptthe same to various applications without sacrificing the essential details of construction embodying the features of the present invention.

What is claimed as newis: v

l, A pump plunger consisting of a hollow non-metalic cylinder, a bronze bolt extending through the center of the cylinder and having spiral grooves therein, the outer end of the bolt being provided with a head and the inner end having screw threads and a securing nut, a cement filling interposed between and around the bronze bolt and the cylinder, a lead washer between the outer headed end of the bolt and the end of the cylinder and cement filling, a cross head through which the inner screw-threaded extremity of the bolt extends, the cross head beingremovably secured to the bolt by the nut which is disposed interiorly thereof, and a woodfiber washer interposed between tlie inner end' of the porcelia'n cylinder and also extends"; f

thecros's head and through which the bolt 2; The combination with a crosshead, of

" a pump plunger secured thereto and consisting of an outer surrounding non-metallic cylinder with a metallic bolt interiorly fixed thereto and having a head at its outer end and its inner end screw threaded and provided with a nut for securement to one end ofv the cross head, a lead washer between the outer headed end of the bolt and the end of the cylinder, and a wood fiber washer between the inner end of the cylinder and the cross head and surrounding the bolt.

3. The combination with a cross head, of a pump plunger removably secured thereto, the plunger consisting of an outer nonmetallic cylinder to operatively fit within a pump, metallic securing means extending completely through and held immovable in the cylinder and projected beyond the inner end of the latter and attached to the cross head, and a non-corrosive metal washer interposed between the outer end of the bolt and'the outer end of the cylinder.

4. The combination with a cross head, of

a pump plunger consisting of an outer. vitreous cylinder, a metallic securing bolt of a non-corrosive nature extending the full length of and secured in the cylinder and having an outer headed end and an inner screw-threaded and nutted end connected to the cross head, and a wood'fiber washer interposed between the inner end of the vitreous cylinder and the cross head around thebolt.

5. The combination of a cross head having a seat formed in one end with a central bore therethrough communicating with the said seat, a pump plunger comprising an outer non-metallic cylinder and an inner non-corrosive metal bolt extending the full length thereof and beyond the inner end and secured in the cylinder againstmovement, the bolt having an outer headed end exert-t ing a pressure against the outer terminalof the cylinder and also provided with an inner screw-threaded and nutted end for securement to the cross head, the inner extremity of the cylinder being closely held within the seat of the cross head by the bolt.

6. The combination of a cross head having. a central seat opening through one end and abore extending therethrough and'communicating with the seat, a wood fiber washer disposed against the inner end wall of the seat, and apump plunger of vitreous material closely fitted in the seat against the said washer at its inner end and also having a non-corrosive metal boltsecured therein and extending rearwardly therefrom through the bore of the cross head and firmly connected to the latter.

'7. The combination of a cross head having aseat recess in one end and a central bore opening into said recess, a pump plunger consisting of an outer non-metallic cylinder, a non-corrosive metal boltextendhaving an outer headed end and also grooves terminals of the cylinder and cement filling, throughout thelength thereof, the inner end and a lead washer interposed between the 10 of the bolt being screw-threaded and nutted head of the bolt and the outer terminals of and extending through the bore of the cross the cylinder and cement filling head and secured to the latter, a cement fill- In testimony whereof I have hereunto ing between the bolt and the cylinder, a. set my hand.

wood fiber washer interposed between the inner end wall of the seat and the inner JOHN W. STEWART. 

